What Are Deep Foundation? The Common Types Of Deep Foundation
Deep foundations are a type of structural foundation that supports buildings by transferring the weight of the building to an area below ground level. They are often used in high-rise buildings and can take on many different forms depending on what they need to support.
What is a Deep Foundation?
A deep foundation is a type of foundation that transfers loads to deeper soil or rock layers. Deep foundations are used when shallow foundation systems are not able to support the loads from a structure. There are several types of deep foundations, including drilled shafts, driven piles, and auger cast piles.
Slabs
There are many types of deep foundation, but one of the most common is the slab. Slabs are typically used for larger buildings or structures where a traditional foundation wouldn't be able to provide the necessary support. Slabs are usually made out of concrete or steel and are reinforced with rebar to create a strong foundation.
Steel Piles
If you're looking for a deep foundation option that's both durable and long-lasting, steel piles are a great choice. Steel piles are driven into the ground using a piling hammer, and they're commonly used in both residential and commercial construction projects. One advantage of steel piles is that they can be used in a variety of soil conditions, including sandy and clay soils.
Concrete Piles
Concrete piles are one of the most common types of deep foundation. Concrete piles are driven into the ground and are used to support structures like buildings and bridges. Concrete piles are made from reinforced concrete, which makes them very strong and durable.
Cast in Place Concrete Piles
There are many different types of deep foundation, but one of the most common is the cast in place concrete pile. This type of foundation is created by pouring concrete into a hole that has been dug into the ground. The concrete is then allowed to harden, creating a solid foundation for a structure.
Cast in place concrete piles are an excellent choice for deep foundations because they are very strong and durable. They are also not susceptible to settlement, so they can provide a stable foundation for a long time.
Precast Concrete Piles
Precast concrete piles are one of the most common types of deep foundation used today. They are made by casting concrete into moulids in a factory setting, before being transported to the construction site and driven into the ground. Precast concrete piles are often used for supporting large structures such as bridges and skyscrapers.
Cinder Blocks and CMUs
If you're planning on building a foundation for your home, you may be wondering what deep foundation is and if it's the right choice for your project. Deep foundation is a type of foundation that extends below the frost line to provide support for your home in areas with poor soil conditions. While deep foundation can be more expensive than other types of foundation, it's often the best choice in areas with unstable soils.
There are two common types of deep foundation: cinder block and CMU foundations. Cinder block foundations are made from concrete blocks that are filled with concrete and reinforced with steel rebar. CMU foundations are made from concrete masonry units, which are solid blocks of concrete that are held together with mortar.
Drainage Requirements for Deep Foundations
Deep foundations are often required when the soil at the surface is not strong enough to support the loads from the proposed structure. In these cases, the loads must be transferred to a deeper, more competent layer of soil or rock. The choice of deep foundation depends on many factors, including the type of structure, the load requirements, and the geologic conditions at the site.
One important consideration in the design of deep foundations is drainage. Adequate drainage is essential to prevent Settlement due to excess pore pressures. There are several methods that can be used to achieve adequate drainage for deep foundations, including:
• Gravity drains: These are perforated pipes that are installed in vertical drains trenches around the perimeter of the foundation. The pipes collect water that seeps into the trench and allow it to drain away from the foundation.
• Pressure Relief Valves: These are devices that are installed in the foundation itself and allow water to escape from within the foundation if the hydrostatic pressure becomes too high.
• Drainage Blankets: These are porous materials that are placed over the ground around the foundation. They allow water to seep through them and away from the foundation.
Various Types of Deep Foundations
There are many types of deep foundations, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The most common types are:
1. Piles: Piles are long, slender columns that are driven into the ground to support the weight of a structure. They can be made of wood, steel, or concrete, and are often used in combination with other types of deep foundations.
2. Drilled shafts: Drilled shafts are cylindrical holes that are drilled into the ground and filled with concrete. They can be used to support both vertical and horizontal loads.
3. Auger cast piles: Auger cast piles are drilled into the ground and then filled with concrete. They are often used in combination with other types of deep foundations.
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